Development of a human-analogue, 3-symptom domain Dog ADHD and Functionality Rating Scale (DAFRS)
書誌情報Csibra, B., Bunford, N. & Gácsi, M. Development of a human-analogue, 3-symptom domain Dog ADHD and Functionality Rating Scale (DAFRS). Sci Rep 14, 1808 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-024-51924-9
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Abstract：要旨
The family dog, in its natural environment, exhibits neuropsychological deficits redolent of human psychiatric disorders, including behaviours that are similar to human attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) symptoms.
家庭犬は自然環境において、人間の注意欠陥・多動性障害（ADHD）の症状に似た行動を含む、人間の精神疾患を思わせる神経心理学的障害を示す。
Based on standard questionnaire methods in humans, we aimed to develop and validate a detailed, psychometrically improved tool to assess owner views on relevant dog behaviours. We modified available questionnaires by adding items that allow for separate analysis of impulsivity, and items on functional impairment.
ヒトにおける標準的な質問紙法に基づき、犬の関連行動に関する飼い主の見解を評価するための、詳細で心理測定学的に改良されたツールを開発し、検証することを目的とした。入手可能な質問票を改良し、衝動性を個別に分析できる項目と機能障害に関する項目を追加した。
We collected data from 1168 owners for different validation steps of the new questionnaire and, similarly to assessment of humans where teachers also evaluate as an expert control, we collected data from dog trainers.
私たちは、新しい質問票のさまざまな検証ステップのために1168人の飼い主からデータを収集し、また、教師も専門家として評価するヒトの評価手法同様、ドッグトレーナーからもデータを収集した。
Exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis revealed 3 factors: inattention (IA), hyperactivity (H) and impulsivity (I), corresponding to all three human symptom dimensions in dogs. Test–retest analyses showed excellent agreement between measurements for all factors.
探索的因子分析と確証的因子分析により、不注意（IA）、多動性（H）、衝動性（I）の3因子が明らかになった。テスト・リテスト分析では、すべての因子について測定間の優れた一致が示された。
Similarly to findings with humans, trainer-owner rating comparisons showed fair (IA) to moderate (H, I) agreement. As in humans, greater ADHD scores were associated with greater functional impairment scores.
ヒトでの所見と同様に、トレーナーと飼い主の評価比較では、まずまず（IA）から中程度（H、I）の一致が見られた。ヒトと同様、ADHDのスコアが高いほど機能障害のスコアも高かった。
We suggest that in dogs, similarly to humans, parallel examination of (extreme) ADHD and functional impairment scores could help distinguish diagnosable individuals, after further validation of the questionnaire using a relevant behaviour test.
犬においても、ヒトと同様に、（極端な）ADHDと機能障害のスコアを並行して調べることで、診断可能な個体の区別に役立つ可能性がある。
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The family dog, in its natural environment, exhibits neuropsychological deficits redolent of human psychiatric disorders, including behaviours that are similar to human attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) symptoms. Based on standard questionnaire methods in humans, we aimed to develop and validate a detailed, psychometrically improved tool to assess owner views on relevant dog behaviours. We modified available questionnaires by adding items that allow for separate analysis of impulsivity, and items on functional impairment. We collected data from 1168 owners for different validation steps of the new questionnaire and, similarly to assessment of humans where teachers also evaluate as an expert control, we collected data from dog trainers. Exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis revealed 3 factors: inattention (IA), hyperactivity (H) and impulsivity (I), corresponding to all three human symptom dimensions in dogs. Test–retest analyses showed excellent agreement between measurements for all factors. Similarly to findings with humans, trainer-owner rating comparisons showed fair (IA) to moderate (H, I) agreement. As in humans, greater ADHD scores were associated with greater functional impairment scores. We suggest that in dogs, similarly to humans, parallel examination of (extreme) ADHD and functional impairment scores could help distinguish diagnosable individuals, after further validation of the questionnaire using a relevant behaviour test.