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［2023］ADHD様犬のセロトニンとドーパミンの血中濃度

Serotonin and Dopamine Blood Levels in ADHD-Like Dogs

書誌情報González-Martínez, Ángela, Susana Muñiz de Miguel, Noemi Graña, Xiana Costas, and Francisco Javier Diéguez. 2023. “Serotonin and Dopamine Blood Levels in ADHD-Like Dogs” Animals 13, no. 6: 1037. https://doi.org/10.3390/ani13061037

Notice

表題の論文を日本語訳してみました。翻訳アプリにかけた日本語訳を英文に照らして修正していますが、表記のゆれや訳の間違いがあるかもしれません。正確に内容を知りたい方は、原文をご覧ください。

Abstract：要旨

ヒトと同様に、犬も注意欠陥多動性障害様（ADHD様）行動を自然に起こすことがあり、高いレベルの多動性／衝動性、注意欠陥の問題を示すことから、家庭犬はADHDのモデル動物になる可能性がある。

ADHDは、セロトニンやドーパミンなど多くの神経伝達物質が関与する非常に複雑な病態生理を有している。

研究の目的は、ADHD様症状を呈する犬の血清セロトニンおよびドーパミン濃度を評価することであった。

58頭の犬が研究対象となり、そのうち36頭は身体的および行動的評価の結果、ADHD様であると分類された。

さらに、犬の飼い主にはC-BARQ、Dog Impulsivity Assessment Scale、Dog-ADHD rating scaleを含む科学的に検証された一連のアンケートを行った。

行動評価の後、すべての動物から血清を採取し、セロトニンとドーパミンを測定するための市販のELISA検査で分析した。

Kruskal-Wallis検定とLasso回帰を適用し、両神経伝達物質とADHD様行動（臨床評価および各種質問票による評価）との関係を評価した。

臨床的にADHD様行動と分類された犬では、セロトニンとドーパミンの濃度が低かった。

さらに、セロトニンとドーパミンの濃度は攻撃性、多動性、衝動性とも関連していた。

セロトニン濃度の低下は、恐怖、愛着、触覚過敏とも関連していた。

最後に、我々のデータは、セロトニンおよびドーパミンとADHD様行動との間に強い関係があることを示唆していたことに留意しなければならない。

Summary：概要

注意欠陥多動性障害（ADHD）は、主に小児や青年が罹患する比較的一般的な神経発達障害である。

ADHDは重大な社会的スティグマ、心理社会的逆境、作業能力の低下と関連している。

ヒトと同様、イヌもADHDに似た行動をとることがあるが、現在までのところ、イヌ種におけるこの症状に関する研究はほとんどない。

そこで本研究では、ヒトのADHD患者に見られるような徴候を持つ犬（対照犬と比較）の血清セロトニンとドーパミンのレベルを、臨床的評価と異なる行動尺度によって分析した。

得られた結果から、ADHDに類似した行動徴候を示す犬では、両方の神経伝達物質が低濃度で観察される傾向があることが示された。

この知見は、犬におけるこの障害の診断と治療の研究に役立つと思われる。

ADHD様の関連行動は、家庭における犬たちの正常な共存を乱し、今日大きな社会的・動物福祉的問題であり続けている飼育放棄の一因となる可能性がある。

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Keywords: attention deficit; canine; hyperactivity behavior; Lasso regression; neurotransmitters

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［2024］ヒトに類似した3症状領域の犬のADHDと機能性評価尺度（DAFRS）の開発 前の記事 ［2014］生涯衝動的なのか？家庭犬における長期的な衝動性 次の記事

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